There is no perfect answer by now as to why some textures of hair are straight, wavy or curly. The debate within the scientific community attributes it to this:
Distribution of ortho- and para-cortex
Shape of hair bulb
Influence of Inner Root Sheet
Diameter of hair with one side of the hair bulb having a quicker cell division than the other
The facts:
Asian hair is rounded and straight
Caucasian hair shows a round to oval diameter and is straight but also tends to be wavy and curly
African hair has a very elliptic diameter and creates very tight curls
Learn more about Hair Facts here.